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A Localized Surface Plasmon (LSP) is the result of the confinement of a surface plasmon in a nanoparticle of size comparable to or smaller than the wavelength of light used to excite the plasmon. The LSP has two important effects: # Electric fields near the particle’s surface are greatly enhanced. This enhancement falls off quickly with distance from the surface. # The particle’s optical absorption has a maximum at the plasmon resonant frequency. For noble metal nanoparticles, this occurs at visible wavelengths.〔Matthew Rycenga, Claire M. Cobley, Jie Zeng, Weiyang Li, Christine H. Moran, Qiang Zhang, Dong Qin, and Younan Xia. (2011) "Controlling the Synthesis and Assembly of Silver Nanostructures for Plasmonic Applications". Chem. Rev. 111, 3669–3712.〕 For semiconductor nanoparticles, the maximum optical absorption is often in the near-infrared and mid-infrared region.〔Xin Liu and Mark T. Swihart. (2014) "Heavily-doped colloidal semiconductor and metal oxide nanocrystals: an emerging new class of plasmonic nanomaterials". Chem. Soc. Rev. 43, 3908--3920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3cs60417a〕〔Shu Zhou, Xiaodong Pi, Zhenyi Ni, Yi Ding, Yingying Jiang, Chuanhong Jin, Christophe Delerue, Deren Yang, and Tomohiro Nozaki. (2015) "Comparative study on the localized surface plasmon resonance of boron- and phosphorus-doped silicon nanocrystals". ACS Nano 9, 378–386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nn505416r〕 Please also refer to the article Surface plasmon resonance, which includes discussion on the localized surface plasmon resonance. == LSP Applications == The plasmon resonant frequency is highly sensitive to the refractive index of the environment; a change in refractive index results in a shift in the resonant frequency. As the resonant frequency is easy to measure, this allows LSP nanoparticles to be used for nanoscale sensing applications. Nanostructures exhibiting LSP resonances are used to enhance signals in modern analytical techniques based on spectroscopy. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「localized surface plasmon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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